Russia and China were downgraded to bottom tier nations for their efforts to fight human trafficking,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], by a U.S. government report.
In the State Department's annual Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report, China and Russia were relegated to Tier 3 - the lowest of four rankings which names countries whose governments do not fully comply with minimum anti-trafficking standards and are not making significant efforts to do so.
The classification includes countries like Iran, North Korea and Zimbabwe, and Tier 3 countries are open to sanctions from the U.S. government.
In 2008, the U.S. Congress put a limit on the number of years a country could remain ranked as Tier 2 Watch without concrete signs of action. After that limit is reached there is an automatic downgrade.
China was Tier 2 Watch for eight years and Russia was on the list for nine.
Tier 2 Watch is the third-ranked grouping which identifies governments that do not fully comply with minimum standards,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], are making significant efforts to bring themselves into compliance - but face increasing trafficking problems.
Tier 1 countries fully comply with the minimum anti-trafficking standards and Tier 2 countries do not fully comply but are making significant efforts to reach those standards.
The TIP Report ranks nations on efforts to fight trafficking, not just the number of trafficking issues a nations faces.
CNN&#039,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych];s Jim Clancy said initial reaction from the anti-trafficking groups were calling this year&#039,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych];s report "tough but fair."
Just Dillion, CEO of Made in a Free World, said: "Speaking truthfully about the modern-day slavery situation in countries that have diplomatic and economic importance to us in other areas, proves that we can commit on things that we all agree on. Living up to our laws and shared values is a universal responsibility."
Russia and China have not yet offered an official response to the downgrading.
China was named as a source, transit and destination for trafficked people from all over the world, while its own citizens also risk being trapped in forced labor abroad.
The TIP Report says state-sponsored forced labor also takes place in re-education camps.
Criminal gangs ship Chinese women and girls abroad, the report says. It also says Chinese women and girls can be trafficked domestically for sex; and others are imported into the country from neighboring countries.
It adds that "despite modest signs of interest in anti-trafficking reforms the Chinese government did not demonstrate significant efforts to comprehensively prohibit and punish all forms of trafficking and to prosecute traffickers.
"The government continued to perpetuate human trafficking in at least 320 state-run institutions, while helping victims of human trafficking in only seven.  The government also did not report providing comprehensive victim protection services to domestic or foreign, male or female victims of trafficking."
It recommends China improve its anti-trafficking laws and its record for prosecuting traffickers including government officials who allegedly help traffickers. The report also says China's efforts to help the victims was inadequate with just seven centers for trafficking victims.
Russia, was also identified by the TIP Report as a source, transit and destination country for trafficked people.
But the report says Russia&#039,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych];s biggest problem is labor trafficking with an estimated one million people working in exploitative conditions. It adds that prosecutions are low compared to estimates of the problem.
Russia's efforts amounted to a publishing a brochure and establishing a committee which has not yet met, the report says. It also criticizes Russia's efforts to prevent trafficking and prosecute traffickers.
It recommends Russia develop national procedures for law enforcement and other officials so they can identify and act on trafficking suspicions,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych].

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